SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    2182, 2209, 2227, 2233, 2276, 2372, 2431, 
    2471, 416, 432, 444, 453
  )

Query time 0.00079

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (2182,2209,2227,2233,2276,2372,2431,2471,416,432,444,453)"
    }
  }
}