SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    2030, 2068, 2071, 2075, 2117, 2118, 2197, 
    2199, 2230, 2239, 2244, 2274, 2277, 
    2299, 2318, 2320
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'de'

Query time 0.00088

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 16,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (2030,2068,2071,2075,2117,2118,2197,2199,2230,2239,2244,2274,2277,2299,2318,2320) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'de'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description
2030
2068
2071
2075
2117
2118
2197
2199
2230
2239
2244
2274
2277
2299
2318
2320