SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    1479, 295, 908, 1452, 934, 2494, 927, 
    915, 910, 924, 932, 921
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.00116

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (1479,295,908,1452,934,2494,927,915,910,924,932,921) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description
295 <p><u>1-80 Leveling description</u></p>
908
910
915
921
924
927
932
934
1452
1479
2494 <p>asdasdasd<br><br>test other mounts</p>