SELECT 
  cfv.category_filter_value_id, 
  cfv.parent_id, 
  cfv.parent_name, 
  cfv.order, 
  cfvd.title, 
  cfv.hint, 
  cfv.is_any, 
  cfvd.lang_code 
FROM 
  cscart_category_filter_values AS cfv 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_category_filter_value_descriptions AS cfvd ON cfv.category_filter_value_id = cfvd.category_filter_value_id 
  AND cfvd.lang_code = 'de' 
WHERE 
  1 
  AND cfv.parent_id IN (17) 
  AND cfv.parent_name IN ('filter_values_set') 
ORDER BY 
  cfv.order ASC

Query time 0.00148

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "read_sorted_file": {
      "filesort": {
        "sort_key": "cfv.`order`",
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cfv",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "rows": 1012,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cfv.parent_id = 17 and cfv.parent_name = 'filter_values_set'"
        }
      }
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cfvd",
      "access_type": "eq_ref",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "10",
      "used_key_parts": ["category_filter_value_id", "lang_code"],
      "ref": ["dev.cfv.category_filter_value_id", "const"],
      "rows": 1,
      "filtered": 100,
      "attached_condition": "trigcond(cfvd.lang_code = 'de')"
    }
  }
}