SELECT 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id, 
  cscart_product_descriptions.short_description, 
  IF(
    cscart_product_descriptions.short_description = '' 
    OR cscart_product_descriptions.short_description IS NULL, 
    cscart_product_descriptions.full_description, 
    ''
  ) AS full_description 
FROM 
  cscart_product_descriptions 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_descriptions.product_id IN (
    2224, 2227, 2251, 2287, 2330, 2363, 2364, 
    2385, 2417, 2465, 398, 430
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'

Query time 0.00092

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_product_descriptions",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "product_id"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "9",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "lang_code"],
      "rows": 12,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_product_descriptions.product_id in (2224,2227,2251,2287,2330,2363,2364,2385,2417,2465,398,430) and cscart_product_descriptions.lang_code = 'en'"
    }
  }
}

Result

product_id short_description full_description
398
430
2224
2227
2251
2287
2330
2363
2364
2385
2417
2465